(review) A Ladder Of Citizen Participation
Discussion flow Defination Citizen Participation is a categorical term for citizen power Redistribution of power that enables the have-not citizens ,presently excluded from the political and economic processes, to be deliberately included in the future. It is a strategy by which the have-nots join in determining how information is shared, goals and policies are set, tax resources are allocated. Allow citizens to share in the benefits of the affluent society. Ladder of citizen participation The bottom rungs are manipulation and therapy, which describe the levels of “non participation” The real goal in this level is not to enable people to participate in planning or conducting programs, but to enable power holders to “educate” or “cure” the participation Rungs 3 and 4, represent informing and consultation. Progress to levels of “tokenism” that allow the have-nots to hear and to have a voice. lack the power to insure that their views will be heeded by the powerful. Rungs 5 Pla...